Nasaan Ka, Pawi?: Co-Creating a Child-Informed Storybook for Early Childhood Sustainability Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70437/s230rh56Keywords:
Storytelling in Education, Storybook Development, Child-informed Design, Sustainability Education, Qualitative ResearchAbstract
Early Childhood Education for Sustainability (ECEfS) is gaining prominence as a foundational approach to nurturing environmental awareness and behavior among young learners. However, instructional materials are often adult-constructed, with limited incorporation of children's perspectives. Anchored in a design-based research (DBR) framework, this study documents the second phase of a project exploring the environmental consciousness of 39 kindergarten pupils in a laboratory school in Central Luzon, Philippines. Building on a previously published visual-semiotic analysis of children’s environmental drawings, this paper focuses on the thematic analysis of their verbal narratives about environmental protection. Using Braun and Clarke’s six-phase approach, two core themes emerged: (1) Cultivation, Appreciation, and Care of Nature, and (2) Waste Management Awareness and Responsible Disposal. These themes reflected early eco-literacy and surfaced misconceptions (e.g., equating flower-picking or feeding wild animals with protection). The insights informed the iterative design and development of a localized green instructional resource—a storybook titled Nasaan ka, Pawi?—which was published and launched during the 2024 Pawikan Festival in collaboration with the Provincial Tourism Office of Bataan. This study demonstrates how DBR can be used to co-create culturally resonant and developmentally appropriate learning materials grounded in children’s lived experiences, advancing the goals of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in early childhood.
References
REFERENCES
Alici, S. (2013). Recycle, Reduce, Reuse Education for Kindergarten Children [MA Thesis, Middle East Technical
University]. https://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12616399/index.pdf
Barrable, A. (2019). Refocusing Environmental education in the early years: A brief introduction to a
pedagogy for connection. Education Sciences, 9(1), 61. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci9010061
Batchar, R., Abad, G., Tigas, B. G., Farro, R., & Corintin, M. A. (2025). Exploring Kindergarten Learners’
Environmental Consciousness through Drawings. Edukasiana Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan, 4(1), 50–59. https://doi.org/10.56916/ejip.v4i1.971
Batchar, R., & Tigas, B. G. (2024). Nasaan ka, Pawi? [Print]. Bataan Peninsula State University.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology,
3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Clark, A. (2010). Young children as protagonists and the role of participatory, visual methods in engaging
multiple perspectives. American Journal of Community Psychology, 46(1–2), 115–123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-010-9332-y
Davis, J. (2010). Early Childhood education for sustainability: why it matters, what it is, and how Whole
Centre action research and systems thinking can help. Action Research Today in Early Childhood (ARTEC), Special Issue, 35–44.
Erpestad, K. E. (2013). Once Upon A Time: The Power of Oral Storytelling as a Tool for Environmental Education
[MA Thesis, University of Minnesota]. https://conservancy.umn.edu/bitstream/handle/11299/187546/Erpestad,%20Kaitlin%20Elizabeth_Redacted.pdf?sequence=5
Khairunnisa, A., Suryadi, A., Hufad, A., & Wahyudin, U. (2022). Installing a Waste Care Education
Program from an Early Age. Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences, 49(12), 304–309. https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.49.12.31
King, M. (2022). Preschool Children’s’ Understanding of Nature and Environmental Stewardship [MA Thesis,
University of Tennessee, Knoxville]. https://trace.tennessee.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7994&context=utk_gradthes
Mahat, H., Yusri, M. S., & Ngah, C. W. Z. C. W. (2016). 3R Practices Among Moe Preschool Pupils
through the Environmental Education Curriculum. SHS Web of Conferences, 23, 04002. https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20162304002
McKenney, S., & Reeves, T. (2012). Conducting educational design research. In Routledge eBooks.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203818183
Melis, C., Wold, P., Bjørgen, K., & Moe, B. (2020). Norwegian Kindergarten Children’s Knowledge about
the Environmental Component of Sustainable Development. Sustainability, 12(19), 8037. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12198037
Manlunas, Q. M. (2022). Contextualized instructional materials as supplement to the kindergarten
teacher’s guide. JPAIR Institutional Research, 20(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.7719/irj.v20i1.847
Oliveira-Formosinho, J., & Formosinho, J. (2012). Pedagogy-in-Participation: Childhood Association Educational
Perspective. Porto Editora.
Podanyova, T., Sazonova, N., & Tokareva, M. (2019). Formation of the Ecological Culture Basics in
Preschool Childhood. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 396.
Samuelsson, I. P., Li, M., & Hu, A. (2019). Early Childhood Education for Sustainability: a driver for
quality. ECNU Review of Education, 2(4), 369–373. https://doi.org/10.1177/2096531119893478
Tan, P. (2019). Listening to Young Children: A Mosaic approach. SFU Educational Review, 12(2), 64–78.
https://doi.org/10.21810/sfuer.v12i2.932
The Second Congressional Commission on Education [EDCOM 2]. (2024, January 22). EDCOM 2 releases
year one Report, highlights system failure in education sector. EDCOM 2. https://edcom2.gov.ph/edcom-2-releases-year-one-report/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Thornbury, C. (2011). Peirce’s General Theory of Signs. In Finding Meaning, Cultures Across Borders:
International Dialogue between Philosophy and Psychology.
Tolentino, G. M. (2023). Environmental Attitudes of Kindergarten Children from a Public and a Private
School in Laguna, Philippines. American Journal of Sciences and Engineering Research, 6(4). https://www.iarjournals.com/upload/646177.pdf
United Nations [UN]. (n.d.). Convention on the Rights of the Child. Convention on the Rights of the Child |
OHCHR. Retrieved March 7, 2025, from https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/convention-rights-child
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Rendel B. Batchar, Blessilda Grace C. Tigas

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.





